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首页> 外文OA文献 >Avian Conservation in the Prairie Pothole Region, Northern Great Plains: Understanding the Links between Climate, Ecosystem Processes, Wetland Management, and Bird Communities
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Avian Conservation in the Prairie Pothole Region, Northern Great Plains: Understanding the Links between Climate, Ecosystem Processes, Wetland Management, and Bird Communities

机译：大平原北部草原坑洞地区的鸟类保护：了解气候，生态系统过程，湿地管理和鸟类群落之间的联系

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Historically, the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) of North America was characterized by myriad semi-permanent, seasonal, and temporary wetlands interspersed among rivers in a context of prairie uplands. These wetlands have supported millions of en route and breeding wetland-dependent birds. Today, expanses of the PPR landscape are dominated by intensive agriculture, and many of the remaining habitats have been impacted by altered water regimes, increasing sedimentation, and changes in plant communities. Climate change is likely to cause further alterations by shifting the seasonal availability and distribution of water and vegetation communities. Climate change will also affect the phenology (annual recurrence of phenomena) of vegetation green-up, seed production, and insect emergence. In concert, these changes could alter the capacity of PPR habitats to support waterbirds. Consequently, natural-resource managers and conservation planners in the PPR have an immediate need for effective tools that can evaluate the effects these changes would have on wetland-dependent bird communities.To that end, a team of U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) scientists and cooperators with expertise in the sciences of climate, hydrology, and ecology has convened to address the potential impacts of climate change on wetland-dependent bird species in the PPR. This team is developing a set of products, including: (1) a synthesis of current knowledge on the interrelationships of climate, wetlands condition, and bird communities; and (2) data on historical and future projections of climate (these projections will be formatted for use in standard mapping software). We will develop models to: (1) forecast effects and biological outcomes of climate change on water quality and quantity in wetlands and riverine ecosystems of the PPR; (2) elucidate relationships between climate, streamflow, water management, and wetland plants; and (3) understand and forecast bird responses to changing habitat conditions and to the timing of resource availability. The outcomes of this research will inform and assist managers and conservation professionals tasked with conserving populations of wetland-dependent birds.
机译：从历史上看，北美的草原坑洼地区（PPR）的特征是，在草原高地的背景下，无数的半永久性，季节性和临时性湿地散布在河流之间。这些湿地为途中的数百万只鸟类提供了支持，并繁殖了依赖湿地的鸟类。如今，PPR的广阔土地以集约化农业为主导，许多剩余的生境已受到水情变化，沉积增加和植物群落变化的影响。气候变化可能会通过改变水和植被群落的季节性供应和分布而引起进一步的变化。气候变化还将影响植被绿化，种子生产和昆虫出苗的物候（现象的每年复发）。总之，这些变化可能会改变PPR栖息地支持水鸟的能力。因此，PPR中的自然资源管理者和保护规划人员迫切需要有效的工具，以评估这些变化对依赖湿地的鸟类群落的影响。为此，美国地质调查局（USGS）的科学家和研究人员在气候，水文和生态学领域具有专业知识的合作者召集起来，以解决气候变化对PPR中依赖湿地的鸟类的潜在影响。该团队正在开发一套产品，包括：（1）关于气候，湿地条件和鸟类群落之间相互关系的最新知识的综合； （2）有关历史和未来气候预测的数据（这些预测将被格式化以用于标准地图软件）。我们将开发以下模型：（1）预测气候变化对PPR湿地和河流生态系统中水质和水量的影响和生物学结果； （2）阐明气候，水流，水管理和湿地植物之间的关系； （3）了解和预测鸟类对栖息地条件变化和资源可利用时间的反应。这项研究的结果将为负责保护湿地鸟类的种群的管理者和保护专业人员提供信息，并为其提供帮助。

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